Goals
Legal Issues Related to Death Investigation
Understanding the Criminal Justice System
- Search and Seizure
- Consent to search forms
- Consent for release of medical records
Statements
- Understanding the concepts surrounding what constitutes a voluntary statement
- Circumstances under which a Miranda warning should be given
- The nature of a spontaneous statement
Case Law
- Various court decisions used to illustrate the above points as they relate to death investigations
Basic Death Investigation
- Natural vs. Unnatural Death
- Expected death vs. unexpected sudden death
Approach to a death scene
- Inside/out observations
- Outside/in observations
- Mental note taking
Physical note taking
Essential Information
- Persons on scene
- Records checks of persons on scene and residence
- Medical condition of victim
Coroner/Medical Examiner role
- Who is in charge?
- Causes of death
- Common medical definitions
Missing Persons Investigations
- Essential information needed in case the missing person turns up deceased
Wound Recognition
- Bruising
- Naturally occurring bruising vs. suspicious bruises
- Stages of bruising
Ligature
- Recognizing a self devised/inflicted ligature mark from a mark inflicted from a second party
Incised Wounds
- Basic understanding of instruments used and the appearance of the wounds produced from these instruments.
Gunshot wounds
- Basic understanding of wounds left by a variety of firearms
- Exit vs. entry wounds
Apparent Suicide
- Overdose/Poisoning
- Physical manifestations associated with overdose and poisoning suicides
- Evidence items to be on the look out for associated to overdose and poisoning
Hangings
- Evidence items to be on the look out for associated with hanging suicides
- Examination of victim for evidence
- Measurements to be recorded
Jumpers
- Examination of primary and secondary suicide scene for evidence
- Examination of victim for evidence
Gunshot Suicides
- Examination of the scene for evidence
- Examination of immediate scene for evidence
- Examination of surrounding area for evidence
Apparent Accidental Death A. Overdose
- Recognition of signs of accidental overdose vs. suicide
- Recognizing signs of alcohol poisoning vs. chronic alcoholism
Fire
- Working in tandem with Fire Department personnel
- Recognizing “heat induced” injury vs. suspicious injury
- Posturing
Falls
- Understanding the difference between injuries caused by a fall vs. those caused by a second party
Traffic Fatalities
- Accident scene security
- Understanding when an accident turns into an “on purpose”
- The importance of identifying onlookers. E. Drowning
- Understanding what evidence to look for upon initial arrival
- Obtaining water samples and from where to obtain them
Auto-erotic
- Understanding what evidence to look for upon arrival
- Interviews of family, friends, and associates
The student will also learn the critical components essential for first responding police officers to ensure proper scene integrity at cases involving child deaths, homicides, and major crime scenes: